Sɛ wohwɛ abɔnten a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ batere ahoɔden a wɔkora so nhyehyɛe kɛse-(BESS) te sɛ nea ɛyɛ mfonoe: nsukorade a ɛtoatoa so, transformer pad, gyaade a wɔabɔ ho ban. Nanso, sɛ ebia saa gyaade no benya sika wɔ mfe dunum a edi hɔ no mu anaasɛ ɛbɛdan asodi a ɛkɔ brɛoo-a, wɔtaa si ho gyinae bere tenten ansa na ade biara adu beae no - wɔ gyinaesi ahorow a ɛfa kɛseyɛ ho, nkitahodi nhyehyɛe, ne warranty a wɔakyerɛw no fɛfɛɛfɛ no mu.
Nnianim asɛm dodow no ara a ɛfa utility-scale storage ho no gyae wɔ nneɛma a ɛwom no a wɔbɛkyerɛw no so. Ɛno ye wɔ akenkan a edi kan mu, na ɛnyɛ mmoa pii bere a worehwɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye ho nhwehwɛmu a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubesi gyinae wɔ nnɔnhwerew abien-ne nnɔnhwerew anan-nhyehyɛe ntam, anaasɛ woresusuw nea enti a nkitahodi application bi atra ntonto mu mfe abien ni. Wɔakyerɛw akwankyerɛ yi ama saa tebea a ɛtɔ so mmienu no: deɛ BESS kɛseɛ-yɛ ankasa, sɛdeɛ kɛseɛ ne berɛ tenten a ɛkyɛ no sesa adwumayɛ asɛm no, deɛ grid nkitahodiɛ no fa ho ankasa, baabi a sika no kɔ ne baabi a ɛsan ba, ne mfomsoɔ a ɛda adi mpɛn pii wɔ nnwuma a ɛnyɛ adwuma yie mu.
Dɛn Ne BESS Kɛse-Scale, Ankasa?
BESS kɛseɛ-yɛ batere akoraeɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔasi wɔ grid anaamfasoɔ nsenia- mpɛn pii no wɔde megawatt (MW) ahoɔden ne megawatt- nnɔnhwerew (MWh) ahoɔden - na ɛka bom wɔ ntwamutam no fã, anaasɛ ɛka generator kɛse anaa mfiridwuma adesoa ho, sen sɛ ɛbɛtra ɔdan biako mita akyi.
Nea ɛtetew no fi aguadi nhyehyɛe ketewaa bi ho no nyɛ ne kɛse nko. Wɔfa BESS kɛseɛ-kɛseɛ sɛ grid agyapadeɛ a wɔtumi de kɔ: biribi a wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɛbɛbua boɔ nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ, grid-adwumayɛfoɔ akwankyerɛ, anaa awoɔ ntoatoasoɔ ho nsɛm, na akɔ so ayɛ adwuma wɔ apam gyinapɛn mu mfeɛ du anaa nea ɛboro saa.
Nneɛma a wɔtaa de di nkitaho no bi ne:
- Substation a wɔde mena anaa wɔkyekyɛ, sɛ agyapadeɛ a ɛgyina hɔ ma akoraeɛ
- Owia afuo, a ɛkyɛ nkitahodiɛ beaeɛ korɔ wɔ co-located anaa DC-coupled nhyehyeɛ mu
- Mframa a wɔde yɛ adwuma, a ɛma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yɛ mmerɛw na ɛdannan ahoɔden kɔ nnɔnhwerew a ɛsom bo kɛse-mu
- Mfiridwuma beae kɛse anaa ahoɔden beae, a ɛhwɛ ahwehwɛde ho ka ne ahotoso so
Nnwuma no di akyi fi nkitahodi beae no: ahoɔden arbitrage, frequency mmuae ne grid-stability services afoforo, tumi nhyehyɛe, renewable firming, curtailment reduction, congestion relief, ne backup power ma adesoa a ɛho hia.
Wɔ System no mu: Utility-Scale Storage no mu Nneɛma Titiriw
Ntease a ɛwɔ adwumayɛ mu no yɛ mmerɛw sɛ yɛbɛka: nhyehyɛe no gye sika bere a anyinam ahoɔden dɔɔso anaasɛ ne bo nyɛ den na ɛbɔ bere a ɛho yɛ na anaasɛ ne bo yɛ den no. Nea ɛma eyi yɛ den wɔ nsenia mu ne sɛ nhyehyɛe no taa kari pɛ wɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne pii mu prɛko pɛ - bo a wɔtɔn no kɛse ho nkɔmhyɛ, gua so bo a ɛboa, grid-adwumayɛfo a wɔde wɔn kɔma akwankyerɛ, apam mu asɛyɛde ahorow, ne n’ankasa tebea a ɛfa sika a wɔbɔ ne anohyeto ahorow a ɛfa nneɛma a ɛsɛe ho. Batere a ɛbɔ wɔ bere a ɛnteɛ mu no nhwere sika hokwan bi kɛkɛ; ebia enni ahoɔden a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛka a ɛbɛma wɔadi tumi asɛyɛde bi ho dwuma dɔnhwerew biako akyi.
Nonneɛma atitiriw awotwea ɛma eyi tumi yɛ yiye no nyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛde ne ho a wɔpaw - emu biara siw afoforo no kwan:
| Component no | Dwumadie | Nea enti a ɛho hia wɔ nsenia mu |
|---|---|---|
| Battery module ne rack ahorow | Fa ahoɔden sie wɔ anyinam ahoɔden mu | Nkwammoaa mu nnuruyɛ ne nea ɛyɛ papa na ɛma nneɛma sɛe ne warranty nsɛm |
| Batere a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho Nhyehyɛe (BMS) . | Cell-level hwɛ, kari pɛ, ahobammɔ | Ɔkwan a edi kan a wɔfa so bɔ wɔn ho ban fi ɔhyew mu nsɛm a esisi ho |
| Tumi Nsakrae Nhyehyɛe (PCS) . | Ɔdannan DC kɔ AC ne akyi | Kyerɛ grid-code a wodi so ne mmuae ahoɔhare |
| Transformer ne switchgear a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Voltage anammɔn-kɔ soro ne isolation | Long lead-bere nneɛma; mpɛn pii no nhyehyɛe no mu ɔhaw no |
| Ahoɔden a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho Nhyehyɛe (EMS) . | Ɔsi bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔbɔ ka na wɔayi afi mu no ho gyinae | Ɛkyerɛ sika dodow a agyapade no nya ankasa tẽẽ |
| SCADA ne nkitahodi ho nsɛm | Monitoring, telemetry, adwumayɛfo ntam nkitahodi | Wɔhwehwɛ ma gua so kyɛfa ne grid a wodi so |
| Ɔhyew a wɔde di dwuma | Mframa anaa nsu a ɛma onwini | Ɛka adwumayɛ a etu mpɔn, sɛnea ɛsɛe ade, ne adesoa a ɛboa |
| Ogya a wohu ne nea wosiw ano | Ahobammɔ ne mmara a wodi so | Mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ apon a ɛma kwan, ɛnyɛ add-on a wopɛ |
C-rate dwumadie a ɛkorɔn siw chemistry ne cooling design bɛn na ɛbɛyɛ adwuma. Grid-code ahwehwɛdeɛ no siw PCS no kwan. Fire-kode ahwehwɛdeɛ siw sait nhyehyeɛ ano, a ɛno nso siw tumi dodoɔ a ɛfata ankasa wɔ asase a ɛwɔ hɔ no so. Yɛ ade biako ho nhyehyɛe wɔ baabi a atew ne ho na afoforo no taa piapia wɔn ho kɔ akyi.
MW vs. MWh: Nea Enti a Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Bere Tenten Si Biribiara Ho Gyinae
Eyi ne ade biako a ɛtaa ba adwene mu naayɛ wɔ nkɔmmɔbɔ a edi kan-a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔkora so kɛse - ne nea ɛde sikasɛm mu nsunsuanso kɛse ba no mu.
MWne tumi: anyinam ahoɔden dodow a nhyehyɛe no betumi de ama wɔ bere biara mu.MWhne ahoɔden: dodow a ebetumi de ama wɔ ne nyinaa mu ansa na ɛho abehia sɛ wɔsan de charge. Fa ahoɔden kyekyɛ ahoɔden mu na wunya bere tenten. 100 MW / 400 MWh nhyehyeɛ yɛ nnɔnhwereɛ anan-nhyehyɛeɛ - ɛtumi kura 100 MW a ɛfiri mu ba bɛyɛ nnɔnhwereɛ nnan ansa na ayɛ hunu. 100 MW / 200 MWh nhyehyɛe wɔ ahoɔden a ɛyɛ pɛ a ɛba ntɛm ara ne boasetɔ fã.
Round-trip efficiency, auxiliary loads, ne depth-of-discharge anohyeto kyerɛ sɛ bere tenten a wotumi de di dwuma ankasa no tu mmirika wɔ din krataa akontaabu no ase kakra. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde sikasɛm ho nhwɛso ahorow si ahoɔden a wotumi de di dwuma so, na ɛnyɛ tumi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ din krataa so.
| Berɛ | Nea ɛfata yiye ma | Ɛka a wɔbɔ ho nsɛm | Sika a wonya no su ahorow |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ennu dɔnhwerew 1 | Fast frequency mmuae, grid ahoɔden nnwuma | Ahoɔden ho ka a ɛba fam sen biara wɔ MW biara mu | Boɔ a ɛkorɔn wɔ MWh biara mu, nanso gua nketewa a ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ mu ma |
| Nnɔnhwerew 1–2 | Frequency regulation, tiawa peak shaving, ebinom arbitrage | Kakra | Egyina sɛnea mpɔtam hɔ gua a ɛboa no mu dɔ so kɛse |
| Nnɔnhwerew 3–4 | Anwummere peak shifting, tumi gua ahorow, owia ahoɔden a wɔde yɛ adwuma | Ahoɔden ho ka a ɛkɔ soro wɔ MW biara mu | Ɔkwan a ɛtrɛw sen biara a wɔfa so nya tumi ne arbitrage sika a wonya nyinaa |
| Nnɔnhwerew 6–8+ | Ahoɔden a emu dɔ a ɛsakra, nnɔnhwerew pii -nnɔnhwerew a wɔde yɛ foforo a wɔde hyɛ mu den | Ɛka a ɛkorɔn sen biara a wɔde ahyɛ mu | Ɛyɛ nea ɛfata titiriw wɔ baabi a nneɛma bo trɛw trɛw anaasɛ tumi ho mmara hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ saa |
Nneɛma abien na efi eyi mu ba. Ɛsɛ sɛ bere tenten fi sika a wonya mu nhwehwɛmu no mu, ɛnyɛ ɔkwan foforo so - nnɔnhwerew anan- nhyehyɛe a ntease wom wɔ baabi a mpɔtam hɔ tumi gua no hwehwɛ nnɔnhwerew anan na ama wɔanya bosea a edi mũ, na wɔasisi boro-na wɔannya sika pii wɔ gua a mpɛn dodow a wɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm nkutoo na ɛyɛ nsu ankasa.
Nea ɛto so abien ne sɛ bere tenten a wɔhwehwɛ no tu. Bere a storage penetration wɔ system bi a wɔde ama so no nyin no, incremental capacity credit a battery nya wɔ bere koro no ara mu no taa brɛ - pattern bi aseNREL’s Storage Daakye Adesuane nneɛma a ɛfa ho-adefata nhwehwɛmu adi akyi bere a adekorabea a wɔde di dwuma no akɔ soro wɔ U.S. gua ahorow so, a nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛkyɛ{3}}taa kura wɔn tumi bo pii bere a hyɛn mu kɔ soro no. Sɛ adwuma bi nhwɛsoɔ gyina tumi a wɔnya so a, ɛfata sɛ yɛsi adwene-sɔ deɛ ɛba sɛ berɛ a ɛfata no kyɛ wɔ agyapadeɛ no adwumayɛ nkwa nna mu a, ne sɛ ebia nkɔanim bɛtumi atoto saa nsonsonoeɛ no mu a wɔrenkyekyere koraa.
Battery Chemistry a wobɛpaw ama Grid-Scale Nnwuma
Nneɛma dodow no ara a wɔde sie a mfaso wɔ so nnɛ no de lithium iron phosphate (LFP) na edi dwuma, a nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) ne, nea ɛrekɔ soro no, sodium-ion nnuru nso wɔ gua so. Ɛfata sɛ wohyɛ da paw no sen sɛ wobɛyɛ no default.
| Sɛnti | LFP na ɛwɔ hɔ | NMC na ɛwɔ hɔ |
|---|---|---|
| Ahoɔden a ɛyɛ den | - a ɛba fam no hia baabi pii ma MWh koro no ara | - a ɛkorɔn sen biara a ɛyɛ compact footprint |
| Ɔhyew a ɛma ɛyɛ den | Mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nea wotumi gyina ano kɛse, ɔhyew-guan a efi ase a ɛkorɔn | Ɛhia sɛ wɔyɛ ɔhyew ne ogya ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ katee kɛse |
| Cycle asetra | Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den ma sakre a wɔde tu kwan da biara da | Eye, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nea ɛte nka kɛse wɔ sakre a emu dɔ, a wɔtaa tu no ho |
| Ɛka a wɔbɔ no kwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma | Ɛyɛ kɛse wɔ nneɛma a wɔkora so a enhinhim mu; mfaso fi nsenia so | Nea ɛne mobility applications wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse |
| Nneɛma a wɔde da wɔn ho adi | Cobalt anaa nikel biara nni hɔ | Ɛda cobalt ne nickel a wɔde ma ne ne bo ho asiane mu |
Wɔ nnwuma dodow no ara a egyina hɔ a wɔde sakre tu kwan pɛnkoro anaa mprenu da biara a asase so anohyeto kɛse biara nni mu no, LFP ne ade titiriw a wɔpaw - titiriw esiane ne ɔhyew nneyɛe ne sakre nkwa nna nti. NMC da so ara nya ne gyinabea manhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde nneɛma gu mubaabi a gyaade mita ahinanan biara ho yɛ na ankasa.
Nanso, ɛnyɛ nnuruyɛ ne asɛmmisa a awiei koraa no ɛho hia kɛse. Nea warranty no ma awerɛhyem ankasa ne. Nhyehyɛeɛ mmienu a ɛwɔ din krataa specs a ɛyɛ pɛ no tumi kura guaranteed end-of-life capacity soronko koraa, cycle allowances soronko, ne tebea ahodoɔ a ɛma coverage yɛ kwa. Kenkan warranty nkrataa no nkyerɛwde biara ansa na wode asɛmti bo atoto ho.
Grid Connection: Ɔfã a Nnwuma Dodow no ara Bu no Adesua
BESS dwumadie akɛse-kɛseɛ pii no kyɛ anaa wɔgyae wɔ nkitahodie ho sene biribiara a ɛfa batere no ankasa ho.
Ɛgyina tumidi ne nkitahodi ahoɔden so no, mpɛn pii no, utility anaa system operator bi bɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔaka nneɛma bi abom:
- Load flow ne steady-state adesua - so network no betumi agye injection ne withdrawal no wɔ saa bere yi mu?
- Short-circuit studies - so nea wɔde aka ho no pia mfomso dodow kɔ akyiri sen mfiri dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no?
- Ahobanbɔ nkitahodi - so ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no bɛda so ara ayɛ adwuma yiye?
- Harmonic ne power-quality analysis, ɛfiri sɛ inverter-based resources de harmonics a ɛhia sɛ ɛtra anohyetoɔ mu ba
- Dynamic ne stability adesua, mpɛn pii no wɔhwehwɛ wɔ voltages a ɛkorɔn ne tumi akɛse
- Reactive power ne grid-code compliance, a ɛkata voltage ride-fa ne reactive tumi so
Saa nhwehwɛmu yi mu biara betumi akanyan network-upgrade ahwehwɛde, na saa ɛka no taa si fam wɔ developer - ɛtɔ da bi a ɔsakra adwuma no sikasɛm wɔ honam fam wɔ mfitiaseɛ adeyɛ nhwehwɛmu ne sikasɛm mu awieɛ ntam.
Bere nhyehyɛe gu ahorow kɛse wɔ gua ahorow mu, na ɛfata sɛ yɛfa saa nsonsonoe no sɛ nhyehyɛe mu ade a wɔde ba mmom sen sɛ yɛde bɛyɛ akyi adwene.Nkitahodi ho adesuawɔ nkyekyɛmu gyinabea no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ada hɔ wɔ asram pii mu; wɔ congested transmission networks so no, mfonini no hwɛbea yɛ soronko koraa. Lawrence Berkeley Ɔman Nhwehwɛmubea noWɔayɛ NtotoeU.S. nkitahodi ntonto a wodi akyi no ahu sɛ bere a ɛwɔ ntam fi nkitahodi ho adesrɛ so kosi aguadi dwumadi so mprempren no atwam mfe anum ma nnwuma pii a ɛrekɔ awiei, a awiei koraa no, nnwuma kakraa bi pɛ na wɔasi. Sait a ɛwɔ sika a wobenya ho adwene a ɛnyɛ den na ɛwɔ nkitahodi a ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm na ne bo nyɛ den no taa di sait a ɛwɔ sika a wobenya no yiye na ɛwɔ mfe anum-ntonto wɔ n’akyi so nkonim.
Nneɛma abiɛsa boa ma wodi saa asiane no ho dwuma ntɛm: hwɛ ntonto a wɔatintim ne dwumadie tebea ma ntwamutam a wɔde wɔn ani asi so no ansa na wode wo ho ahyɛ sait bi mu; hwɛ baabi a storage abɔ dedaw a ɛbɛn hɔ, efisɛ ebia ɔfã bi a wɔagye dedaw -wɔ ti-bea kakraa bi anaasɛ ebia ɛde nkɔso a ɛho hia no akɔ dedaw; na wɔbɔ asiane a ɛwɔ upgrade no ho ka pefee, de contingency for reinforcement kɔ sen sɛ wobɛfa no sɛ ɛyɛ asɛm a eye sen biara.
Nea BESS Kɛse -Scale Bo Ankasa
Battery no ankasa ne ade a ɛso sen biara a ɛwɔ line biako mu, nanso ɛtaa yɛ nea ɛba fam koraa wɔ ne nyinaa mu. Asɛm a ɛyɛ nokwareɛka a wɔsɛe nowɔ ntoatoaso anan:
Akadeɛ- battery modules, racks anaa containers, PCS, transformers, medium-voltage switchgear, cabling, HVAC anaa nsuo a ɛma onwini, ogya a wɔde hu ne nea wɔde siw ano, EMS ne SCADA hardware, mita, ahoɔden a ɛboa, ne site ahobanbɔ.
Afifide ne adansi a ɛkari pɛ- asase a wɔbɛgye anaa wɔagye atom, aban adwuma, fapem, nsuo a wɔde fa mu, akwan a wɔfa so kɔ hɔ, ban, cable trenching, ne EPC contractor no mfiridwuma ne installation scope.
Grid nkitahodi ne soft costs- nkitahodiɛ akwammisa ho ka, ntwamutam adesua, biribiara a wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ mu den, tumi krataa, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nhwehwɛmu, mmara, insurance, sikasɛm ho ka, ne ahyɛdeɛ ne mmara sodi sɔhwɛ.
Nkwa nna nyinaa mu ka- dwumadie ne nsiesie, warranty ne dwumadie apam, insurance foforɔ, spare parts, software tumi krataa, gua so kyɛfa ho ka, ne augmentation: tumi a wɔde bɛka ho akyiri yi de asiw ɔsɛeɛ ano.
Bere tenten tu dodow no kɛse, efisɛ ahoɔden tumi nsenia ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛka fã kɛse no ara linearly - kɔ fi nnɔnhwerew abien kɔ anan no nnyɛ adwuma no nyinaa mmɔho abien, nanso ɛkɔ no kɛse. Network reinforcement yɛ trɛw-variance line item wɔ model no nyinaa mu: adwuma a ɛhia substation ntrɛwmu yɛ, sikasɛm mu, adwuma soronko. Site tebea, grid-code ne ahobanbɔ ahwehwɛde, ne augmentation strategy a wɔpaw wɔ anim no nyinaa de sika ka ho anaa ɛkora sika so wɔ akwan horow a ɛntaa nkyerɛ wɔ mfiri a wɔafa aka mfiase no mu.
Mfomso a wɔtaa di ne sɛ wɔde nneɛma a wɔde ma no bɛtoto $/kWh nkutoo so. Nsɛm abien a wɔafa aka wɔ $/kWh koro no ara mu no betumi akyerɛ sɛ ɛsono adwuma no nyinaa ho ka nyinaa bere a wɔde scope hye, warranty terms, ne auxiliary systems a wɔhwehwɛ atoto ho ankasa line by line.
Sɛnea Utility-Scale BESS Nnwuma no Nya Sika
Sika a wonya fi BESS kɛse-mu no taa fi ahoɔden ho arbitrage, nnwuma a ɛboa, tumi a wotua, ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo a wɔde yɛ adwuma ne nea wɔtew so, akwan a ɛyɛ kyenkyenenn so ahotɔ anaa ntamgyinafo a wɔtwentwɛn so, ne nhyehyɛe a wɔde tow tow a wɔayɛ ho apam.
Saa - sika a wɔboaboa ano - yi mu dodoɔ bi a wɔde bɛka abom no yɛ sɛdeɛ aguadifoɔ nnwuma dodoɔ no ara du mfasoɔ a ɛbɛtumi aba ampa. Ɛyɛ nso daa modeled dodo optimistically, esiane nneɛma abiɛsa nti. Battery holding state of charge for a reserve obligation nyɛ free to arbitrage ne saa ahoɔden koro no ara bere koro mu, enti theoretical maximums a efi gua ahorow so no ntumi mmɔ mu kɛkɛ. Aggressive stacking ma throughput kɔ soro, na ɛma degradation yɛ ntɛmntɛm na ebetumi abu cycle allowance a wɔakyerɛw wɔ warranty no mu no so. Na gua a ɛboa no sua sɛ wɔde toto ahoɔden gua ho - bere a nneɛma pii a wɔkora so hyɛn mu no, nneɛma bo a ɛwɔ saa gua a ɛyɛ teateaa no mu no mia, nhwɛso a wotumi hu dedaw wɔ nneɛma a wɔkora so gua ahorow pii a edi kan mu bere a wɔde di dwuma no akɔ soro no.
Ɔkwan a wotumi de ho to so kɛse ne sɛ wɔde sika a wonya no bɛyɛ nhwɛso denam dispatch simulation a ɛkyerɛ obu ma tebea a wɔbɔ, kyinhyia anohyeto, ne gua so fata ho mmara - ɛnyɛ denam gua so nkyɛmu ahorow a ɛsono emu biara a wɔde bɛka ho na wɔanya anidaso sɛ anohyeto ahorow no besiesie wɔn ho so.
Nea Ɛma Sanba a Ɛyɛ Den Ankasa
Bɛyɛ sɛnea wɔde leverage di dwuma no, eyinom ne nsakrae ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia adwuma bi mfaso bɛkɔ so anaa:
Realized bo a ɛtrɛw.Nsonsonoe a ɛda charge ne discharge bo ntam, a wɔayi akwantuo a ɛkɔ baabiara-a ɛyɛ adwuma yie no, ne engine a ɛma aguadifoɔ nya sika. Sɔ hwɛ de toto abakɔsɛm mu bo ho nsɛm a ɛfa node pɔtee no ho, na ɛnyɛ ɔman no mu nkyɛmu.
Ka a wɔde ahyɛ mu nyinaa, a nkitahodi a ɛka ho.Network-reinforcement line no ne baabi a models taa bubu, sɛnea yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no.
Nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ.Sika a wonya no kɔ so wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi a ɛsom bo kɛse-mu, enti sɛ obi nni intanɛt so wɔ saa bere no mu a, ɛho ka yɛ den - a ɛma O&M su pa na ɛmma nhyehyɛe yɛ sikasɛm mu gyinaesi, ɛnyɛ mfiridwuma mu gyinaesi kɛkɛ.
Degradation ne augmentation nhyehyɛe no.Tumi so tew bere a wɔde di dwuma ne mfe a obi adi no. Model a ɛfa no sɛ nameplate tumi wɔ afe du mu no nyɛ model ankasa.
Round-akwantuo a ɛyɛ adwuma yie.Ɔha biara mu nkyem biara yɛ tow a wɔbɔ daa wɔ kyinhyia biara ho wɔ agyapade no nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Fa AC-toto-AC efficiency ho wɔ beae a nkitahodi wɔ, a adesoa a ɛboa ka ho, sen sɛ wode DC-to-DC wɔ rack no so.
Apam nhyehyɛe.Toll apam bi di gua kɔ soro de nya sikakorabea; aguadifo a wɔda wɔn ho adi no yɛ nea ɛne no bɔ abira. Nea eye no gyina sikasɛm tebea horow so, na ɛnyɛ nea ɛde asɛmti IRR a ɛkorɔn no ba.
Ahobammɔ ne Mmara sodi Nnyɛ Nneɛma a Wɔde Ka Ho a Wobɛpaw
Wɔ saa nsenia yi mu no, ahobanbɔ yɛ adwuma sɛ tumi krataa pon, insurance tebea, ne sikasɛm tebea - ɛnyɛ mfiridwuma nkutoo.
Nneɛma titiriw no ne siw a wosiw ano (nkwaboaa no su, BMS nhyehyɛe, ɔhyew a wɔhwɛ so, ahobammɔ a wɔde bɔ ho ban fi charge a ɛboro so ne ɔhyew a ɛboro so ho), detection (gas, wusiw, ne ɔhyew a wohu a wɔde akyirikyiri hwɛ a ɛkɔ so), siw ano (container ntam kwan, deflagration venting, nhyehyɛe a ɛto ntrɛwmu ano hye wɔ units ntam), ne mmuae (siw nhyehyɛe a wɔde siw ano, ntɛmpɛ a wɔto mu, kwan a wɔayɛ no kɛse ama ogya mfiri, ne nhyehyɛe a wɔde bedi dwuma a wɔne mpɔtam hɔ ogya ho adwumayɛbea no penee so).
Gyinapɛn abien na ɛyɛ nneɛma a emu yɛ duru a wɔma so wɔ Amerika Atifi fam no fã kɛse no ara.NFPA 855 na ɛwɔ hɔde instɔlehyɛn, ntam kwan, ne ogya-hobanbɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow ma stationary storage systems, na ne nnansa yi nkyerɛase ahorow no asi ogya sɔhwɛ akɛse-scale ne ɔtopae sohwɛ so dua kɛse.UL 9540A na ɛwɔ hɔyɛ ɔhokafoɔ sɔhwɛ kwan a wɔde di dwuma de hwɛ sɛdeɛ nhyehyɛeɛ bi yɛ n’ade berɛ a wɔpia no kɔ thermal runaway mu, ɛyɛ adwuma denam cell, module, unit, ne installation-level testing so de kyerɛ sɛ ebia design bi kura huammɔdi ampa. Nnwinnade a wɔansusuw ho wɔ abien no nyinaa ho no taa hyia ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa tumi krataa ho akyiri yi, bere a ne bo yɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsan ayɛ no foforo no. Sɛ wosi so duaUL adansedi krataagyinabea no fata sɛ woyɛ ansa na wɔapaw nnwinnade, na ɛnyɛ akyi.
Mpɔtam hɔ ogya adwumayɛfoɔ a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu ntɛm - wɔ berɛ a ɛbɛyɛ yie, a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔma - kwan no yɛ asiane-anammɔn a ɛho ka sua paa a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu baako. Ahwehwɛdeɛ no gu ahodoɔ kɛseɛ wɔ tumidi ahodoɔ ntam, na nsakraeɛ a ɛba akyiri-a ɛkɔ akyiri wɔ ntam kwan anaa nhyɛsoɔ mu no bɛtumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔbɛsan ayɛ sait nhyehyɛɛ nyinaa.
Mfomso a Ɛma Grid-Scale Battery Nnwuma
- Sizing ansa na adwumayɛ kwan no aba.Sɛ wobɛtena "100 MW / 400 MWh" so na afei woahwehwɛ sika a wobɛnya de akyerɛ sɛ ɛfata, sen sɛ wobɛnya ahoɔden ne berɛ tenten afiri gua a ɛwɔ hɔ ankasa wɔ saa node no so.
- Nkitahodi a wɔde bedi dwuma sɛ nkrataa a wɔde yɛ adwuma.Ɛyɛ -variance element a ɛkorɔn sen biara wɔ nhyehyɛe ne ɛka nyinaa mu, na nnwuma a ɛfa no sɛ ɛyɛ adwumayɛ ho adwuma no hu ɔhaw no akyiri dodo sɛ wɔbɛsesa sait.
- Modeling degradation sɛ akyi adwene.Sɛ yɛfa no sɛ tumi a ɛyɛ pintinn, anaasɛ afe afe ɔha biara mu nkyem a ɛyɛ petee a ɛnkyerɛ sakre ho nsɛm ankasa a wɔde di dwuma a, ɛma wonya mfaso a ɛnna adi da.
- Sɛ yɛde wɔn a wɔde nneɛma ma no toto bo a kWh biara nkutoo ho.Sɛ yɛannyɛ normalizing scope, warranty terms, guaranteed end-of-life capacity, ne cycle allowance a, ntotoho no nkyerɛ pii.
- Stacking revenue wɔ krataa a wontumi stacked wɔ adwumayɛ mu.Summing market averages a dispatch constraints nni mu ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so de model bi ka sanba ho asɛm boro so.
- Beae no ho nhyehyɛe ansa na wɔasi ogya ne ntam kwan a wɔhwehwɛ so dua.Nsakrae a ɛba akyiri wɔ mpaapaemu akwansin mu no betumi atew tumi a wotumi de di dwuma no so anaasɛ ɛhyɛ nhyehyɛe foforo.
- Adesoa a ɛboa a wobu ani gu so.Cooling, HVAC, ne controls twetwe tumi kɔ so - wɔ arbitrage trɛw a ɛyɛ tratraa so, ɛno nyɛ rounding mfomso.
- Augmentation kwan biara nni hɔ.Sɛ wohuruw baabi a wɔakora so, anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde yɛ adwuma, anaasɛ apam mu nhyehyɛe a wɔde ma augmentation no hyɛ gyinaesi a enye koraa wɔ afe ason mu.
- O&M ne long-lead spares a wobu no adewa.Transformer a enni huammɔ a enni spare strategy betumi akyerɛ sɛ sika a wɔhwere asram pii.
- Grid-code nhwehwɛmu a wobɛhu ansa na woapaw nnwinnade.Sɛ wohu wɔ adetɔ akyi sɛ PCS no ntumi nni ride-through anaa reactive ahwehwɛde ho dwuma a, ne bo yɛ den na ɛyɛ brɛoo sɛ wobesiesie.
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FAQ
Asɛmmisa: Dɛn Ne BESS Kɛse-Scale?
A: BESS kɛseɛ-kɛseɛ yɛ batere akoraeɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔasi wɔ grid anaa utility scale so, a wɔde megawatt ahoɔden ne megawatt-nnɔnhwereɛ ahoɔden ahyɛ mu. Ɛne anyinam ahoɔden adwumayɛbea ketewa, adwumayɛbea a wotumi yɛ foforo, anaa mfiridwuma beae kɛse bi di nkitaho, na ɛkora anyinam ahoɔden bere a wɔde ma no dɔɔso anaasɛ ne bo sua na ɛma anyinam ahoɔden gu bere a wɔhwehwɛ anaasɛ nneɛma bo kɔ soro no.
Q: Nsonsonoe Bɛn na Ɛda MW Ne MWh Ntam?
A: MW susuw tumi - anyinam ahoɔden dodow a nhyehyɛe no betumi de ama wɔ bere koro mu. MWh susuw ahoɔden - dodow a ebetumi de ama wɔ ne nyinaa mu. Sɛ wɔkyekyɛ ahoɔden mu denam ahoɔden so a, ɛma bere tenten: 100 MW / 400 MWh nhyehyɛe yɛ nnɔnhwerew anan- nhyehyɛe.
Q: Bere Bɛn na Ɛsɛ sɛ BESS Kɛse-Scale Di?
A: Amansan mmuae biara nni hɔ; ɛsɛ sɛ wonya fi sika a wonya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ nkitahodi beae pɔtee no mu. Nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛkyɛ -fata grid dwumadie a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm, nnɔnhwereɛ mmienu-nhyehyɛeɛ fata mpɛn dodoɔ ne peak application tiawa, na nnɔnhwereɛ anan-nnɔnhwereɛ anaa nea ɛboro saa nhyehyɛeɛ fata tumi gua ne anwummerɛ peak shifting. Hwɛ bere tenten a ɛho hia ma tumi a ɛfata wɔ gua a wɔde wɔn ani asi so no so, na susuw ho sɛ ebia saa ahwehwɛde no betumi akyɛ wɔ agyapade no nkwa nna mu anaa.
Q: Bere tenten ahe na BESS Dwumadi Kɛse-Scale Bɛgye Na Ayɛ?
A: Ɛsono sɛnea gua biara te, na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na nkitahodi a ɛware sen biara. Mpɛn pii no, adansi ankasa yɛ bere nhyehyɛe no nyinaa fã tiawa koraa sɛ wɔde toto nkitahodi ho adesua, tumi krataa, ne sikasɛm ho a.
Q: Battery Chemistry Bɛn na Wɔde Di Dwuma Wɔ -Scale Storage Mu?
A: LFP ne ade titiriw a wɔpaw ma nnwuma dodow no ara a ɛgyina hɔ pintinn, titiriw esiane ne ɔhyew nneyɛe ne ne kyinhyia nkwa nti. NMC da so ara yɛ nea ɛfata wɔ baabi a wɔasiw anammɔn kwan, na sodium-ion repue. Wɔ chemistry akyi no, guaranteed end-of-life capacity ne cycle allowance wɔ warranty no mu taa ho hia sen chemistry label no.
Q: Ɔkwan Bɛn so na BESS Kɛse-Scale Nya Sika?
A: Ɛnam ahoɔden arbitrage, ancillary services, tumi a wotua, renewable firming, curtailment reduction, network services, anaasɛ contracted tolling. Aguadifo nnwuma dodow no ara ka dodow bi bom, nanso tebea a wɔbɔ, sakre anohyeto, ne gua so fata ho mmara kyerɛ sɛ wontumi mfa saa nsuten yi nka ho kɛkɛ.
Asɛmmisa: Dɛn Ne Batere a Wɔma Ɛyɛ Nkɔanim?
A: Augmentation kyerɛ sɛ wode battery tumi bɛka ho wɔ agyapade no adwumayɛ nkwa nna mu de asiw ɔsɛe ano na wɔasan de ahoɔden a wɔahyɛ sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma no aba. Nnwuma a ɛwɔ tumi a ɛkyɛ-asɛdeɛ no taa yɛ nhyehyɛɛ ma no firi mfitiaseɛ, de honam fam atenaeɛ, anyinam ahoɔden tumi, ne sikasɛm nhyehyɛeɛ sie sene sɛ wɔbɛfa no sɛ daakye ɛka a wɔnyɛ ho nhyehyɛeɛ.
Bobɔ no mua
Wɔ BESS nnwuma akɛse-a ɛdi mu no nyinaa mu no, nhwɛsoɔ no taa yɛ bio: sika a wɔnya ho asɛmti no di kan, nkitahodiɛ beaeɛ no nya di mu ntɛm, berɛ tenten di gua no akyi sene aguadi no, na ɔsɛeɛ ne ahobanbɔ nya nhyehyɛeɛ wɔ mu mmom sen sɛ wɔbɛhunu akyiri yi.
Wɔ screening stage no mu no, inputs mmienu yi sites a entumi nyɛ adwuma pii fi hɔ sene dodoɔ biara a wɔde toto nnwinnadeɛ - abakɔsɛm boɔ data wɔ candidate node no so, ne mprempren interconnection queue tebea ma saa network no. Sɛ wɔgye sika a wɔnya ho asɛmti ne nkitahodiɛ kwan no tom wie a, anammɔn a ɛdi hɔ ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu a wɔbɛsan ahwɛ atia gua so nneɛma a adwuma no abɔ ne tirim sɛ ɛbɛsom ankasa, a ɛno akyi no, wɔde ntotoho a ɛte sɛ-ma-te sɛ nea wɔde nneɛma ma no wɔ ntotoho a ɛfa -nkwa tumi a ɛtwa toɔ-ahyɛ bɔ ho sene sɛ ɛbɛyɛ asɛmti boɔ. Sɛ ɛbɛboa sɛ wobɛfa sizing ne connection options a wobɛpaw ama site pɔtee bi mu a, .wo ne yɛn kuw no nkasa.