Hwɛ, mɛka nokware akyerɛ wo-bere a midii kan fii ase hwehwɛɛ lithium ion battery mu ma owia ahoɔden a wɔkora so no, meyɛɛ basaa ntɛmntɛm. Obiara reto acronyms te sɛ LFP ne NMC, reka cycle life ne depth of discharge ho asɛm, na fã no ɛte sɛ nea wɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛtɔn wo biribi sen sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛyɛ adwuma mu ankasa.
Enti nea misuae bere a me ne installers ahorow baasa kasae akyi, san de battery system biako a na ɛnyɛ adwuma koraa amma m’ahiade ahorow, na awiei koraa no misi fam wɔ biribi a ɛyɛ adwuma no ankasa so ni.
Ade a Obiara Nka Nkyerɛ Wo Ankasa
Ansa na yɛbɛkɔ batere a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye mu mpo no, nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ ahometew yi wɔ hɔ:egyina nea wopɛ sɛ woka sɛ "nea eye sen biara."
So yɛreka nea ɛbɛtra hɔ akyɛ sen biara ho asɛm? Tumi a ɛsen biara a wɔkora so? Being the safest option sɛ wowɔ mmofra a wɔretu mmirika akɔ akyirikyiri a? Sɛ biribi ankɔ yiye a, ogya a wɔrenkyere (yiw, ɛno yɛ ade a ɛhaw adwene ankasa)? Anaasɛ... ɛnyɛ nea ne bo nyɛ den te sɛ kar a wɔde adi dwuma kɛkɛ?
Efisɛ ade no ni-battery a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ ma me fipamfo a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɔmfa 15 kWh nni dwuma da biara no yɛ soronko koraa wɔ nea ɛyɛ adwuma ma me wɔfase a ɔyɛ ofie office a servers kɔ 24/7 ne Tesla charge anadwo biara.
Nea Ɛho Hia Ankasa (Egyina Dwumadi Ankasa So) .
Bere a mafa saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa mu awie no, mɛka sɛ nneɛma abiɛsa na ɛho hia kɛse, na ebia ɛnyɛ nea wobɛhwɛ kwan:
Nea edi kan no off-ahobammɔ.Minim, minim, ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ mfonoe sɛ wɔde toto "tumi ahe na metumi de asie?" Nanso nea enti a ɛho hia ni: saa batere yi tena wo kar dan mu anaa wo fie akyi mfeɛ 10-15. Wɔrebɔ charge na wɔredischarge bere nyinaa. Batere ahorow bi di ɔhyew mu nhyɛso ho dwuma yiye sen afoforo, na ebinom wɔ kyerɛwtohɔ a wɔada no adi sɛ wonni nsɛm a ɛfa ɔhyew a woguan ho. Ɛno yɛ tech-speak ma "ogya a ɛnkyere."
LFP batere (Lithium Iron Phosphate) di nkonim wɔ ha, nsa ase. Wɔde wɔn adi dwuma wɔ owia storage mu fi 2010-ish na ahobammɔ data no yɛ solid. Me ne m’adamfo bi a ɔhwɛ ogya so kasae a ɔkae sɛ wɔahu ogya biako pɛ a ɛtɔ wɔ LFP atrae mu wɔ wɔn adwuma nyinaa mu, na ɛno fi mfomso a ɛbaa wɔ instɔlehyɛn mu, na ɛnyɛ batere no ankasa.
Fa toto NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) nhyehyɛe dedaw a efi 2016-2018 bere mu ho-nsɛm a esisii a ɛdɔɔso a insurance nnwumakuw fii ase bisabisaa nsɛm. NMC battery foforo no ye, mma nte me ase yiye, nanso LFP wɔ saa track record no ara kwa.
Adeɛ a ɛtɔ so mmienu-sɛdeɛ ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa wɔ berɛ mu.Spec krataa no ka sɛ 4,000 cycles anaa 6,000 cycles, nanso ɛno wɔ lab tebea a eye mu. Na bere a ɛyɛ digrii F 95 wɔ wo kar dan mu nso ɛ? Na bere a woreyɛ full discharge cycles efisɛ wo off-grid nso ɛ?
Misuaa eyi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ den so denam me batere a edi kan no so. Wɔde too gua sɛ "2,000 cycles," nanso wɔ asram 18 a wɔde dii dwuma da biara da wɔ Texas ɔhyew mu akyi no, tumi no so tew kɔɔ bɛyɛ 70%. Ɔyɛfoɔ no kaa sɛ ɛno "wɔ normal parameters mu" ɛfiri sɛ na mereyɛ no adwuma wɔ "non-optimal temperature ranges." Nkyerɛase: na wonim sɛ ɛbɛsɛe ntɛmntɛm wɔ ɔhyew mu nanso wosiee saa info no wɔ kratafa 47 wɔ nhoma no mu.
Switched to an LFP system, na mfeɛ mmienu akyi no ɛda so ara wɔ 96% capacity. Garage koro no ara. Ɔhyew koro no ara. Chemistry ahorow a ɛsono emu biara.
Nea ɛtɔ so mmiɛnsa-na eyi deɛ ɛyɛ adwuma-so ɛdi agorɔ fɛfɛɛfɛ wɔ wo nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ dada no ho?Batere binom de inverter pɔtee bi nkutoo na ɛyɛ adwuma. Ebinom hia nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so a ɛyɛ wɔn dea. Ebinom ntumi ntrɛw akyiri yi a wɔntɔ control unit foforo koraa.
Me anyinam ahoɔden ho nimdefoɔ ka kyerɛɛ me sɛ watwe battery system ahodoɔ mmiɛnsa wɔ afe a atwam no mu ɛfiri sɛ afiewuranom pɛ sɛ wɔde capacity ka ho nanso wɔhunuu sɛ wɔn battery no nyɛ modular. Ná ɛsɛ sɛ wofi ase fi mfiase. Ɛno bo yɛ den.
Enti Emu Hena na Ɔyɛ Adwuma Yiye Ankasa?
Okay, twa dede no nyinaa mu-sɛ yɛreka adwumayɛ kronkron ho asɛm wɔ ahobammɔ, nkwa tenten, ne wiase ahotoso ankasa so a,LFP chemistry di nkonim ma ofie owia ahoɔden a wɔkora so. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛn mpo.
Nanso ma menkyekyɛ akwan horow ankasa no mu efisɛ nuance wɔ ha:
LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) - Adwumayɛfo Ɔpɔnkɔ a Wotumi De Ho To So
Eyi ne nea miwiee no, ne nea owia ahoɔden a wɔde hyɛ mu dodow no ara repia mprempren esiane ntease pa nti.
Nneɛma pa no:Saa batere yi yɛ adwuma ara kwa. Wɔdi 4,000-6,000 full cycles ho dwuma ansa na wɔakɔ fam akɔ 80% capacity, a ɛkyerɛ ase sɛ mfeɛ 12-15 wɔ afie dodoɔ no ara mu. Wɔn gyina hɔ pintinn kodu 140℃F (Mesɔɔ eyi hwɛe wɔ akwanhyia mu bere a me kar dan no bɔɔ 127℃F wɔ awɔw bere a etwaam no mu-battery amfa ho). Wɔbɔ ka yiye bere a ne fã bi ayɛ ma mpo, na ɛno ho hia sen sɛnea nkurɔfo hu.
Ahobammɔ ho nsɛm no yɛ nea eye sen biara wɔ adwuma no mu. Cathode ade no fi awosu mu yɛ nea ɛyɛ den. Sɛ mpo wo screw up koraa na wo short circuit no-na yɛsrɛ wo nnyɛ-renkɔ thermal runaway mu te sɛ chemistries afoforo bi.
Nea enye wɔ ho:Wɔyɛ bulkier. LFP batere nkora ahoɔden kakraa bi wɔ nkaribo biara mu sɛ wɔde toto NMC ho a, enti sɛ worehyɛ ɔfasu a emu duru anohyeto wɔ so a, ɛno ho hia. Wɔbɔ ka kɛse nso ansa na wɔayɛ, ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no, nkwa nna tenten no ma ɛno yɛ pɛ de.
Afei nso-na obiara anka eyi ho asɛm kosii sɛ metɔɔ me de no akyi-wɔnyɛ adwuma kɛse wɔ awɔw a ano yɛ den mu. Sɛ ɛba fam sen 32℃F a, charge no brɛ ase kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ Montana anaa baabi a wonya awɔw bere a ɛfata a, wobɛpɛ sɛ batere no wɔ baabi a wim tebea-di so.
NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) - Adwumayɛ a ɛkorɔn a ɛwɔ Nsoromma
Owia ahoɔden mfiri a wotumi fa so ne EV ahorow bi de saa nnuru yi di dwuma efisɛ ɛboaboa punch pii ano wɔ nkaribo biara mu.
Baabi a ɛhyerɛn:Ahoɔden a ɛwɔ mu no yɛ nwonwa. Wubetumi de ahoɔden 20-30% asie wɔ honam fam ahunmu koro no ara mu sɛ wode toto LFP ho a. Sɛ ahunmu yɛ den anaasɛ wuhia tumi ano aduru a wotumi fa so a, ntease wɔ NMC mu.
Baabi a ɛnyɛ:Kyinhyia nkwa taa yɛ kyinhyia 1,000-2,000 ansa na asɛe a ɛda adi. Ɛno ye ma biribi a wode di dwuma bere ne bere mu, nanso da biara da owia akorae, worehwɛ 3-5 mfe nkwa nna max. Wɔsan nso te ɔhyew nka kɛse na wohia onwini nhyehyɛe a eye.
Ahobammɔ ho ade no ho hia wɔ ha nso. Nnɛyi NMC batere wɔ kwan a eye sen biara management systems sen dedaw no, nanso wɔda so ara yɛ reactive sen LFP. Wohia onwini a ɛyɛ den ne nea wɔhwɛ so, na ɛde ɛka ne nsɛnnennen ka ho.
Ɔkasa ankasa:Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ metɔɔ NMC nhyehyɛe bi efisɛ na ne bo yɛ mmerɛw $1,200 ma tumi a wɔahyɛ no agyirae koro no ara. Me installer no kasa kyerɛɛ me sɛ mifii mu, na ɛyɛ me anigye sɛ ɔyɛɛ saa. Na ɛsɛ sɛ n’afɛfo baanu a wɔwɔ NMC batere sesa wɔ mfe 4 ntam. Saa berɛ yi, ne LFP adetɔfoɔ a wɔfiri afe 2018 no da so ara retu mmirika yie.
NCA (Nickel Cobalt Aluminium) - Tesla Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ
Tesla Powerwall de saa chemistry yi di dwuma, a ɛma nkurɔfo susuw sɛ ɛyɛ ɔkwan a eye sen biara. Ɛnyɛ nea -ɛyɛ nea Tesla paw esiane nneɛma pɔtee bi nti ara kwa.
Nea ɛyɛ yiye:Ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn, a ɛte sɛ NMC. Good power output, a ɛho hia sɛ woretu mmirika adesoa a emu yɛ duru a. Tesla ne wɔn abɔdeɛ a nkwa wom a wɔde afrafra no yɛ seamless sɛ wowɔ saa wiase no mu dedaw a.
Nea ɛyɛ ɔhaw:Aboɔden. Te sɛ, ne bo yɛ den ankasa. Woretua Tesla brand ne ecosystem no ho ka, ɛnyɛ battery no nko. Kyinhyia nkwa yɛ nea ɛfata (kyinhyia 2,000-3,000) nanso ɛnyɛ soronko. Ahobanbɔ ho nsɛm wɔ LFP ne NMC ntam-eye sen NMC dedaw, ɛnyɛ nea egyina pintinn te sɛ LFP.
Asɛm kɛseɛ no ne lock-in. Worentumi mfa nneɛma a ɛnyɛ-Tesla ntrɛwmu ntɛm, na sɛ biribi bubu a, woredi Tesla som nhyehyɛe no ho dwuma, a ɛyɛ... nea ɛnhyia, ma yɛnka.
LTO (Lithium Titanate) - Ɔyɛ Overachiever a Wontumi Ntɔ
Mede eyi ka ho efisɛ ebia wubehu sɛ wɔaka ho asɛm, nanso nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ nea wɔde bedi dwuma wɔ atrae.
Saa batere yi charge ntɛmntɛm a ɛyɛ nwonwa na ɛtra hɔ te sɛ 15,000-20,000 cycles. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wontumi nsɛe wɔn. Wɔsan nso bo yɛ 3-4x sen LFP na wɔkora ahoɔden a ɛba fam koraa wɔ emu duru biara mu.
Wubehu wɔn wɔ bɔs ahorow a anyinam ahoɔden wom, nnwuma a wɔde bɛhyɛ anyinam ahoɔden nhama mu den, ne asraafo dwumadi ahorow mu. Wɔ ofie owia ahoɔden ho? Total overkill na ɛnyɛ sikasɛm mu mfaso gye sɛ wowɔ ahiade pɔtee bi ne sika a wode bɛhyew.
Na Saa Ntotoho Nhyehyɛe Ahorow no Nyinaa nso ɛ?
Ebia woahu pon ahorow a wɔde toto tumi, sakre nkwa nna, ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ kWh biara ho, ne ahobammɔ ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu ho. Wɔn ho wɔ mfaso kodu baabi, nanso wɔpa nsɛm a ɛho hia a ɛfa ho no.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhyehyɛe bi betumi akyerɛ sɛ NMC wɔ ahoɔden a "ɛkorɔn" na LFP wɔ "mfinimfini" ahoɔden. Mfiridwuma mu no ɛyɛ nokware. Nanso ɛrenka nkyerɛ wo sɛ wɔ wiase tebea ankasa-a ɛwɔ ɔhyew mu nsakrae mu no, saa nsonsonoe no brɛ ase kɛse efisɛ NMC hia ɔhyew ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ den kɛse a ɛsɛe ahoɔden.
Anaasɛ wobɛhunu sɛ wɔakyerɛw kyinhyia nkwa sɛ "kyinhyia 4,000" ama LFP. Nea wɔnka ne sɛ ɛyɛ to 80% capacity, ɛnyɛ total failure. LFP battery a ɛwɔ 4,500 cycles betumi ada so ara wɔ 75% tumi na wotumi de di dwuma pɛpɛɛpɛ. NMC batere a ɛwɔ ne rated cycle limit no taa yɛ adwuma awu.
Asɛmmisa a Me yam a anka Obi Bisaa Me
Sɛ́ anka "nea ɛyɛ adwuma yiye" no, anka ɛsɛ sɛ obi bisa me sɛ:"Dɛn ankasa na worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛyɛ?"
Sɛ wopɛ backup power ma ɛtɔ da bi a ɛtwa-te sɛ mpɛn mmienu afe biara-nokwarem no, ebia worenhia batere a ɛyɛ adwuma yie -po. Mid-range nhyehyɛe a ɛma wo fridge ne intanɛt kɔ so yɛ adwuma nnɔnhwerew 8-12 no dɔɔso.
Sɛ worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkɔ off-grid anaasɛ woreyɛ da biara da sakre de akwati peak electricity rates a, ɛnde yeah, wuhia LFP anaasɛ wobɛsesa battery mfe kakraa biara.
Sɛ woyɛ RV wura anaasɛ wuhia ahoɔden a wotumi fa so a, nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ mu duru mu no ho hia sen nkwa tenten, enti ebia ntease wɔ NMC mu ɛmfa ho sɛ nkwa nna yɛ tiaa no.
Me Nyansahyɛ Ankasa
Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara a wɔyɛ residential solar a battery storage:Kɔ ne LFP chemistry a efi adwumfo bi a ɔwɔ din pa hɔ.
Hwehwɛ nhyehyɛe ahorow a:
Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nya 4,000 rated cycles
Fa ɔhyew a wɔde di dwuma yiye ka ho (titiriw sɛ wowɔ wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew mu a) .
Wɔyɛ modular sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi atrɛw mu akyiri yi
Anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔadi gua so mfe 2-3 (kwati nhyehyɛe foforo koraa a wonni adanse) .
Bra na fa 10+ afe warranty bra
Mma wo ho nyɛ den wɔ Battery Management System (BMS) no so. BMS pa ma battery a ɛnyɛ papa no yɛ nea ɛfata. BMS bɔne sɛe batere kɛse bi. Bisa wo instɔler no pɔtee fa BMS-sɛ wɔantumi ankyerɛkyerɛ mu pefee a, ɛno yɛ frankaa kɔkɔɔ.
Na ade biako bio a obiara nka nkyerɛ wo: hwɛ hu sɛ wo fiewura insurance no kata batere nhyehyɛe no so. Nhyehyɛe dedaw bi nyɛ saa, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wopɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛw saa asɛm no ansa na biribi asi.
Nokwasɛm Nhwehwɛmu no
Biribi a ebia ɛbɛma woakora sika so ni: ebia batere a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye koraa wɔ krataa so no renyɛ nea eye sen biara a wobɛpaw ama wo tebea no.
Mede adapɛn pii de me adwene sii so sɛ menya nhyehyɛe a "ɛyɛ papa" no, yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ spec biara mu, kenkan nhwehwɛmu biara. Afei me instɔler no kyerɛɛ sɛ mid-tier LFP nhyehyɛe no bɛkata m’ahiadeɛ 100% so na ɛho ka sua $4,000 sene top-tier option no. Nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ adwumayɛ mu? Ebia menya afe foforo wɔ nkwa mu ne charge a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm kakra a merenhu ankasa da wɔ da biara da dwumadie mu.
Ɛtɔ da bi a "papa a ɛdɔɔso" nokwarem no ye sɛnea ɛsɛ, titiriw bere a "nea eye sen biara" kyerɛ sɛ wubetua bo a ɛkorɔn ama nneɛma a woremfa nni dwuma da no.
Baabi a Guadidan no Rekɔ
Hyɛ no nsow ntɛm wɔ eyi ho efisɛ ɛka gyinaesi ahorow a ɛfa adetɔ ho: solid-state batteries kɔ so nya hyped sɛ "ade kɛse a edi hɔ" wɔ ahoɔden a wɔkora so. Ebia awiei koraa no wɔbɛyɛ saa. Nanso seesei ara, wɔn bo yɛ den, ne yɛ sua, na data a ɛkyɛ-nnɔɔso ma me sɛ mɛkamfo wɔn ama mfeɛ 10 sika a wɔde bɛto mu.
Bata mfiridwuma a wɔada no adi ho gye sɛ w’ani gye ho sɛ wobɛyɛ guinea mprako a wogye no ntɛm. Me suaa saa adesua no denam smart home tech-ma obi foforo nyɛ mfomso no ho adwuma.
Nsɛm a Ɛwɔ Ase
Nea eye sen biara ma owia ahoɔden a wɔde sie wɔ atrae: LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) .
Ɛyɛ mmuae a ɛyɛ mfonoe, nanso ɛyɛ mfonoe efisɛ ɛyɛ adwuma. Ahobammɔ, ɛkyɛ-tena hɔ, mfiridwuma a wɔada no adi, di da biara da sakre so yiye, na worensesa wɔ mfe 3-4 mu.
Sɛ wo hia maximum energy density koraa na wote ase sɛ wobɛsesa no ntɛm a, NMC betumi ayɛ adwuma. Sɛ wɔato wo mu wɔ Tesla ecosystem mu na premium cost no nhaw wo a, Powerwall ye.
Nanso nnipa dodow no ara a wɔrekenkan eyi a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkora owia ahoɔden so, wɔtew wɔn anyinam ahoɔden ho ka so, na wonya ahoɔden a wɔde bɛboa bere a ɛho hia no fam no? LFP yɛ adwuma no a drama nka ho, na nokwarem no ɛno ne nea eye sen biara a wubetumi abisa afi batere a ɛbɛtra wo kar dan mu mfe du a edi hɔ no hɔ.