Ahoɔden a wɔkora so gua no rekɔ so ntɛmntɛm sen sɛnea yɛn mu dodow no ara betumi adi akyi. Na ɛno ara ne ɔhaw no. Ɔsram biara battery chemistry foforo bi a ɛhyɛ nsakrae ho bɔ, utility foforo a ɛde deployment kɛse bi ho amanneɛbɔ ma, anaasɛ startup bi a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔapaapae code no mu wɔ grid-scale storage so. Sɛ wo nhwɛ nea ɛreyɛ adwuma ankasa wɔ hɔ-na nea ɛho hia sen saa no, nea ɛredi nkogu-woretu titiriw anifuraefo.
Ɛnyɛ asɛmmisa no ne sɛ ebia woɛwɔ sɛyɛ ahwɛyie wɔ ahoɔden a wɔkora so dwumadie so. Ɛyɛ sɛ ebia wubetumi atua ka sɛ worenyɛ saa anaa.
Sika Ho Asɛmmisa (Efisɛ Momma Yɛnka Nokware) .
Dɔla ɔpepepem pii rehwie agu ahoɔden a wɔkora so mprempren. BloombergNEF kyerɛe sɛ wiase nyinaa sika a wɔde bɛto mu no bɛboro dɔla ɔpepepem 36 wɔ afe 2023 nkutoo mu, na saa dodow no kɔ so kɔ soro. Nanso nea amanneɛbɔ ahorow a ɛhyerɛn no nka nkyerɛ wo ni: nnwuma yi dodow a ɛyɛ nwonwa no nyɛ adwuma yiye. Ebinom di nkogu koraa. Hornsdale Tumi Akorae a ɛwɔ South Australia no? Nkonimdi kɛse. AES Alamitos batere a ɛrehyew wɔ California no? Ɛnyɛ pii saa.
Ntease a wonyaadɛnapplications binom di nkonim bere a afoforo tank nyɛ adesua-ɛyɛ nkwagye. Sɛ́ ebia woyɛ utility a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubehu sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wosesa wo gas peakers, investor a ɔresusuw storage startup ho, anaasɛ grid operator a ɔresusuw frequency regulation capacity dodow a wuhia ankasa ho no, saa gyinaesi ahorow yi de nea efi mu ba ankasa ba.
Ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ nea ɛnteɛ ho? Yɛreka ɔpepem du du, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɔpepem ɔhaha pii ho asɛm. Ɛno nyɛ monopoly sika.
Mfiridwuma a Wɔpaw no Yɛ Den Sen Sɛnea Ɛte
Adeɛ baako a mahyɛ no nsow wɔ nnwuma mu nkɔmmɔdie mu ne sɛdeɛ nkurɔfoɔ taa fa "ahoɔden a wɔkora so" sɛ saa monolithic category yi. Ɛnyɛ saa. Lithium-ion di nsɛmti so, ampa, nanso bɔ mmɔden sɛ wode lithium batere bedi dwuma ama bere a wɔde sie-wobɛhyew wɔ kyinhyia ahorow mu ntɛmntɛm sen sɛnea wubetumi abu bere a wode betua ka no ho akontaa. Saa bere yi nyinaa, flow batteries te hɔ hwɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mfonoe nanso rack up value wɔ applications a ɛhwehwɛ 4+ dɔnhwerew discharge. Nsu a wɔde pɔmpɔ ayɛ? Ɛda so ara yɛ bɛyɛ 90% wɔ wiase nyinaa nneɛma a wɔkora so, na nnipa dodow no ara werɛ fi sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ.
Asɛm no ne sɛ: mfiridwuma ne application a wɔde bɛyɛ pɛ no yɛ biribiara. Flywheel nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ ma frequency regulation bɛyɛ nkwaseasɛm ama bere-de-de arbitrage di dwuma. Ntease wɔ ɔhyew mu nneɛma a wɔkora so ma mfiridwuma mu nneɛma bi na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ baabi foforo biara. Worentumi nhu nea wode bɛto hɔ sɛ woante nea wɔde ahyɛ mu dedaw-ne sɛnea ɛyɛɛ adwuma no ase a.
Eyi yɛ mfitiase nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata. Nanso nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, ahyehyɛde kakraa bi na wɔyɛ no yiye.
Grid Stability: Baabi a Nneɛma Yɛ Den
Ma memfa bere pii nni eyi ho efisɛ ɛyɛ anigye ankasa-na ɛho hia kɛse. Wɔyɛɛ nnɛyi anyinam ahoɔden nhama twaa anyinam ahoɔden mfiri akɛse a ɛwɔ mfinimfini a ɛkyinkyini wɔ mpɛn dodow a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm no ho hyiae. Fango adwumayɛbea, nuklea reactors, a wɔaka abom-kyinhyia gas turbines. Saa mfiri yi wɔ mass kɛse a ɛkyinkyini (inertia) a efi awosu mu ma frequency nsakrae ahorow no gyina. Sɛ ahwehwɛde no kɔ soro mpofirim a, saa spinning mass no tɔ wo bere.
Ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo sesa nsɛso no koraa. Owia ahoɔden mfiri ne mframa a wɔde yɛ adwuma no nkyinkyin ɔkwan koro so. Wɔnam power electronics a ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade so na ɛka bom. Sɛnea ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo di kɔ atetesɛm mu awo ntoatoaso tumi-Germany bɔɔ anyinam ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo 59% wɔ 2023-grid adwumayɛfo hyia asɛnnennen soronko koraa a ɛfa ahoɔden a wɔde gyina pintinn ho.
Eyi ne baabi a storage applications bɛyɛ anigye ankasa wɔ mfiridwuma mu. Batere nhyehyɛe ahorow tumi yɛ ho biribi wɔ milisekɔn mu. Ɛnyɛ sikani-.milisekɔn mu. Ɛno yɛ ntɛmntɛm sen mfiri biara a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden. UK National Grid asɔ "enhanced frequency response" services a battery nhyehyɛe ahorow di so koraa ahwɛ. PJM Interconnection a ɛwɔ United States apuei fam no huu sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ batere ahorow gyee wɔn frequency regulation gua no fã kɛse bi anadwo biako pɛ.
Nanso-na eyi yɛ kɛse nanso-mmuae a ɛyɛ ntɛm nyɛ biribiara. Mmuae a ɛkɔ so daa nso ho hia. Na bere tenten a wɔde yɛ. Na beae a ɛwɔ wɔ grid no so. Na akwan horow a wɔfa so gye ɛka a wɔbɔ. Nkitahodi a ɛda saa nneɛma yi ntam no betumi ayɛ nea ɛyɛ den ma ɛyɛ nwonwa, na ɛno nti pɛpɛɛpɛ na application ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a wɔbɛsan ahwɛ mu no ho hia. Theory nkutoo na ɛma wunya akyirikyiri saa.
Tiyɛ a Ɛyɛ Mmara a Ɛfa Mmara Ho
Mebɛka nokware: Mihu sɛ mmara ho nsɛm nyɛ anigye kɛse sɛ mɛkyerɛw ho asɛm, nanso akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛho hia sen mfiridwuma no ankasa. Mpɛn pii no, agyapade a wɔkora so no hyɛ atetesɛm mu mmara akuw ahorow ntam. So batere yɛ generator? Adesoa bi? Nneɛma a wɔde fa nkrasɛm so? Mmuae no ka biribiara fi bere nhyehyɛe a wɔma ho kwan so kosi hokwan ahorow a wɔde boaboa sika ano so.
FERC Ahyɛde 841 a ɛwɔ United States no bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma nneɛma mu ada hɔ denam hwehwɛ a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ gua ahorow a wɔtɔn nneɛma akɛse no ma nneɛma a wɔkora so no so. Europa Ahoɔden a Ɛho Tew Nhyehyɛe no faa ɔkwan foforo so. Australia Ɔman Ɛlektrik Guadidan no wɔ n’ankasa nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Sɛnea mmara hyehyɛ application viability wɔ tumidi ahorow mu ntease hwehwɛ sɛ wosua deployments ankasa-nea wɔpenee so, nea wɔpowee, nea akɔ so ayɛ limbo.
Sua a Wosua Fi Nkonimdi Mu (Ɛnyɛ Nkonimdi Kwa) .
Obiara ani gye ho sɛ ɔbɛka Tesla Big Battery anaa Moss Landing adwumayɛbea no ho asɛm. Fair enough-eyinom yɛ nkɔso ankasa. Nanso mɛka sɛ wusua pii fi nnwuma a ɛkɔɔ nkyɛn no mu.
McMicken battery a ɛpaee wɔ Arizona wɔ afe 2019 mu no kunkum odumgyafo baanu na epirapiraa afoforo pii. Nhwehwɛmu daa huammɔdi adi wɔ ɔhyew a wɔde di dwuma, mframa a wɔde ma ho nhyehyɛe, ne ntɛmpɛ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow mu. Na eyinom nyɛ asiane ahorow a ɛyɛ nwonwa-na wotumi hu denam nsɛm a esisii a atwam no mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata so. Anka ɛsɛ sɛ South Korea batere ogya ahama a ɛbaa afe 2017-2019 (ogya 23!) no ma wɔsan susuw nnwuma nyinaa ho. Awiei koraa no, ɛyɛɛ saa, nanso ɛnyɛ ansa na nneɛma asɛe kɛse.
Wɔ aguadi fã no, pii a ɛwɔ-mita no akyi-mita storage installations no anyɛ wɔn sikakorabea a wɔahyɛ ho nkɔm no yiye efisɛ wɔante ahwehwɛde ho ka nhyehyɛe ase yiye, anaasɛ wɔyɛɛ owia-plus-storage sizing yiye maa peak bere a ɛnteɛ. Eyinom nyɛ engineering huammɔdi-ɛyɛ application nhwehwɛmu huammɔdi.
Nea Ɛwɔ Akyi-Mita a Ɛyɛ Nsɛnnennen no
Aguadi ne mfiridwuma mu adetɔfo hyia nneɛma bi a nsɔe wom titiriw a wosusuw ho. Ahwehwɛdeɛ ho ka, berɛ{1}}de-de di dwuma dodoɔ, nkitahodiɛ ho mmara, backup power ahwehwɛdeɛ, ahunmu anohyetoɔ, ogya ahobanbɔ a wɔdi so, sikasɛm akwan-yeinom nyinaa di nkitaho wɔ site-kwan pɔtee bi so a ɛma cookie-cutter solutions yɛ asiane.
Nnuruyɛbea a ɛwɔ bere a wɔde yɛ adwuma a wɔhwehwɛ denneennen no bebu nneɛma a wɔkora so no sɛ ɛsono sɛnea adekoradan a ɛhwɛ wim tebea so no. Data center bi wɔ backup diesel generators dedaw-so storage boa anaasɛ ɛsi akan? Sotɔɔ ahorow a wɔtɔn nneɛma wɔ sotɔɔ ahorow mu no wɔ nnesoa a ɛsen biara nanso sika kɛse a wɔde yɛ adwuma no sua. Ɛsono sɛnea application biara te.
Ɛda adi sɛ adetɔnfo a wɔtɔn saa nhyehyɛe ahorow yi si nsɛm a eye sen biara-asɛm so dua. Akwankyerɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛde ne ho ma nteɛso a ɛho hia.
Application ahorow a Ɛreba a Ɛfata sɛ Yɛhwɛ
Virtual power plants a wɔde yɛ anyinam ahoɔden. Kar-kɔ-grid nkabom. Bere tenten-adekorabea ma mmere mu kari pɛ. Eyinom da so ara renya nkɔso, na nokwarem no, minnyaa nsɛm a emu yɛ den a mede bɛba awiei. Nanso ɛno ne asɛm no bi-nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ so ma wokɔ so yɛ mprempren bere a asase no sesa no.
Enti Dɛn na Ɛsɛ sɛ Woyɛ Ankasa?
Hwɛ ahoɔden a wɔkora so dwumadie ahodoɔ mu wɔ nhyehyɛeɛ mu. Ɛnyɛ sɛ bere biako-apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, na mmom sɛ adeyɛ a ɛkɔ so. Kyerɛw wo din wɔ nsɛm a esisii ho databea ahorow so. Di mmara ho nkrataa akyi. Kɔ nnwumayɛbea nhyiam ahorow a adwumayɛfo kyɛ adwumayɛ ho nsɛm ankasa sen sɛ wɔbɛka aguadi ho nkɔmhyɛ ahorow. Wo ne nnipa a wɔde nhyehyɛe ahorow adi dwuma nkasa na bisa wɔn nea ɛmaa wɔn ho dwiriw wɔn.
Kenkan mfiridwuma ho nkrataa no, yiw, nanso kenkan post-mortems no nso. Ɔman Ahoɔden a Wɔyɛ Foforo Nhwehwɛmubea no tintim nhwehwɛmu ahorow a eye kyɛn so. Saa ara na Electric Power Research Institute nso yɛ. Energy-Storage.news kata deployments wɔ wiase nyinaa a ɛwɔ botaeɛ a nteaseɛ wom.
Ahoɔden nsakrae no ho hia dodo-na ne bo yɛ den dodo-sɛ wobɛfa awosu nkutoo so. Systematic application review nyɛ glamorous adwuma, nanso ɛyɛ fapem a biribiara a aka no gyina so.
Na nokwarem no, sɛ wonyɛ eyi dedaw a, ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase.